Bakkhali Coastal Wetland
Data Depositor Name : Admin
Contact Info: Admin
Coordinates
From
To
Mean
Latitude
21.55° N
21.58° N
21.565° N
Longitude
88.26° E
88.29° E
88.275° E
District: South 24 Parganas
Nearest Location: Bakkhali, Namkhana Block
Type: Coastal intertidal mudflat & estuarine inlet
Area: Approx. 4–5 sq. km (varies seasonally)
Depth: Shallow intertidal zone, < 1 m during high tide
Elevation: ~0 to 2 m above sea level
Water Regimes
Main source of water: Tidal seawater, monsoon runoff, minor creeks
Permeance: Mostly intermittent (tidal-dependent)
Destination: To sea
Salinity: Brackish to Euhaline (0.5–35 g/l depending on tides & season)
Climate
Humidity: 70%–90% (High due to sea influence)
Annual Rainfall : ~1600–1800 mm
Temperature: 15°C (winter) to 36°C (summer)
Major landuse within zone of influence
Forests
Plantation
Agriculture
Settlements (Rural)
Settlements (Urban)
Industrial
Others
Notable Plant Species
Sea purslane (Sesuvium portulacastrum), Salt-tolerant grasses, Avicennia marina (sporadic)
Notable Animal Species
Crab (Scylla serrata), Fiddler crabs, Egrets, Redshanks (Tringa totanus), Black-winged stilts
Conservation Sensitive Species
Indian Skimmer (Rynchops albicollis) – near-threatened migratory visitor
Invasive Species
Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata), Feral dogs (impact ground-nesting birds)
Ecosystem Benefits
Community Fishing (without any lease or permission from government dept
Fishing under lease from government department
Harvest of plants (without any lease or permission from government dept
Harvest of plants under lease from government department)
Agriculture or horticulture within wetland
Grazing
Religious practices
Withdrawal of water for domestic use
Withdrawal of water for agriculture or fisheries
Bathing or wallowing of domestic animals
Others
Threats
Status
Level
Hydrological regime alteration
Unknown
Unknown
Salinization
Potential
Medium
Siltation
Existing
Medium
Pollution
Potential
Medium
Encroachment
Existing
Medium
Unsustainable harvest of wetland resources
Potential
Medium
Over grazing
Potential
Low
Unsustainable water abstraction
Existing
Medium
Mining (e.g. salt, sand or laterite)
Low
Low
Spread of invasive species
Potential
High
Regime fragmentation
Existing
High
Tourism pressure
Existing
High
Extreme events / Climate change
Existing
High
Intensive agriculture
Potential
Low
Intensive Aquaculture
Existing
High
Coastal erosion
Unknown
Unknown
Changes in water inflow and outflow
Unknown
Unknown